John 19:28-30
What is written? (ESV)
After this, Jesus, knowing that all was now finished, said (to fulfill the Scripture), “I thirst”. A jar full of sour wine stood there, so they put a sponge full of the sour wine on a hyssop branch and held it to his mouth. When Jesus had received the sour wine, he said, “It is finished”, and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit.
What does it say?
Jesus knew that everything was finished so to fulfill Scripture He said, “I thirst”. Some sour wine was nearby, so they soaked a sponge with it and lifted it to His mouth with hyssop branch. After drinking it He said, “It is finished”, and bowed His head and died.
What is its immediate context?
Jesus is dying the cross with onlookers and some close to Him (e.g. His mother, John, John’s mother, and Mary Magdalene from vss 25-26). Jesus’ quotes as a fulfillment of Scripture come from Psalms 69:21 where David wrote originally about himself, “They gave me poison for food, and for my thirst they gave me sour wine to drink”.
How John 19:28-30 is applied across Bible answers
What does Jesus mean by “fulfill all that is written” (Luke 21:22)?
John says that Jesus knew "that all was now finished" when He was hanging on the cross.
The broader context of events -- specifically the death, burial, and resurrection of the Lord Jesus Christ -- serve as qualification of the "all" that was finished (and thereby fulfilled).
